Yerebatan Sarnıcı İngilizce Tanıtım
Yerebatan Sarnıcı İngilizce Tanıtım
Yerebatan Sarnıcı english - english tanıtım - yerabatan
The Basilica Cistern (Turkish: Yerebatan Sarayı - "Sunken Palace" or Yerebatan Sarnıcı - "Sunken Cistern") is the largest of several hundred ancient cisterns that lie beneath the city of Istanbul (formerly Constantinople) Turkey. The cistern located South West of the Hagia Sophia on the historical peninsula of Sarayburnu was built in the 6th century during the reign of Byzantine Emperor Justinian I.
History
This subterranean structure's name derives from a large public square on the First Hill of Constantinople the Stoa Basilica beneath which it was constructed. According to ancient historians Emperor Constantine constructed a structure which was later rebuilt and enlarged by Emperor Justinian after the Nika riots of 532. It provided water for the Great Palace of Constantinople and other buildings on the First Hill and continued to provide water to the Topkapi Palace after the Ottoman conquest in 1453 and into modern times.
Measurements and data
This cathedral-sized cistern is an underground chamber of 143 metres (470 ft) by 65 metres (210 ft) capable of holding 80000 cubic metres (2800000 cu ft) of water and covering an area of 9800 square metres (105000 sq ft). The large space is broken up by a forest of 336 marble columns each 9 metres (30 ft) high. The columns are arranged in 12 rows each consisting of 28 columns spaced 4.9 metres (16 ft) apart. The capitals of the columns are mainly Ionic and Corinthian styles with the exception of a few Doric style with no engravings.
The cistern is surrounded by a firebrick wall with a thickness of 4 metres (13 ft) and coated with a special mortar for waterproofing. The cistern's water was provided from the Belgrade Woods—which lie 19 kilometres (12 mi) north of the city—via aqueducts built by the Emperor Justinian.
The cracks and the columns were repaired in 1968. Having been restored in 1985 by the Istanbul Metropolitan Museum the cistern was once again opened to the public on 9 September 1987. It is a popular tourist attraction.
Medusa column bases
Located in the northwest corner of the cistern the bases of two columns reuse blocks carved with the visage of Medusa. The origin of the two heads is unknown though it is thought that the heads were brought to the cistern after being removed from a building of the late Roman period. Tradition has it that the blocks are oriented sideways and inverted in order to negate the power of the Gorgons' gaze.
In media
The cistern was used as a location for the 1963 James Bond film From Russia with Love. In the film it is referred to as being constructed by the Emperor Constantine with no reference to Justinian. Its location is a considerable distance from the Soviet (now Russian) consulate which is located in Beyoğlu the newer "European" section of Istanbul on the other side of the Golden Horn.
The finale of the 2009 film The International takes place in a fantasy amalgam of the Old City depicting the Basilica Cistern as laying beneath the Sultan Ahmed Mosque -which in the film is directly adjacent to the Süleymaniye Mosque.Yerebatan Sarnıcı İngilizce Tanıtım
Yerebatan Sarnıcı İngilizce Tanıtım
Yerebatan Sarnıcı english - english tanıtım - yerabatan
The Basilica Cistern (Turkish: Yerebatan Sarayı - "Sunken Palace" or Yerebatan Sarnıcı - "Sunken Cistern") is the largest of several hundred ancient cisterns that lie beneath the city of Istanbul (formerly Constantinople) Turkey. The cistern located South West of the Hagia Sophia on the historical peninsula of Sarayburnu was built in the 6th century during the reign of Byzantine Emperor Justinian I.
History
This subterranean structure's name derives from a large public square on the First Hill of Constantinople the Stoa Basilica beneath which it was constructed. According to ancient historians Emperor Constantine constructed a structure which was later rebuilt and enlarged by Emperor Justinian after the Nika riots of 532. It provided water for the Great Palace of Constantinople and other buildings on the First Hill and continued to provide water to the Topkapi Palace after the Ottoman conquest in 1453 and into modern times.
Measurements and data
This cathedral-sized cistern is an underground chamber of 143 metres (470 ft) by 65 metres (210 ft) capable of holding 80000 cubic metres (2800000 cu ft) of water and covering an area of 9800 square metres (105000 sq ft). The large space is broken up by a forest of 336 marble columns each 9 metres (30 ft) high. The columns are arranged in 12 rows each consisting of 28 columns spaced 4.9 metres (16 ft) apart. The capitals of the columns are mainly Ionic and Corinthian styles with the exception of a few Doric style with no engravings.
The cistern is surrounded by a firebrick wall with a thickness of 4 metres (13 ft) and coated with a special mortar for waterproofing. The cistern's water was provided from the Belgrade Woods—which lie 19 kilometres (12 mi) north of the city—via aqueducts built by the Emperor Justinian.
The cracks and the columns were repaired in 1968. Having been restored in 1985 by the Istanbul Metropolitan Museum the cistern was once again opened to the public on 9 September 1987. It is a popular tourist attraction.
Medusa column bases
Located in the northwest corner of the cistern the bases of two columns reuse blocks carved with the visage of Medusa. The origin of the two heads is unknown though it is thought that the heads were brought to the cistern after being removed from a building of the late Roman period. Tradition has it that the blocks are oriented sideways and inverted in order to negate the power of the Gorgons' gaze.
In media
The cistern was used as a location for the 1963 James Bond film From Russia with Love. In the film it is referred to as being constructed by the Emperor Constantine with no reference to Justinian. Its location is a considerable distance from the Soviet (now Russian) consulate which is located in Beyoğlu the newer "European" section of Istanbul on the other side of the Golden Horn.
The finale of the 2009 film The International takes place in a fantasy amalgam of the Old City depicting the Basilica Cistern as laying beneath the Sultan Ahmed Mosque -which in the film is directly adjacent to the Süleymaniye Mosque.Yerebatan Sarnıcı İngilizce Tanıtım